Polyacrylamide helps you split solids from liquids. It makes water clearer and treats sludge in city and factory systems. You get better results if you pick the right product, like DERYPOL’s HIMOLOC. You also need to follow the right steps to prepare and use it.
If you use advanced aqueous dispersion formats, you get these benefits:
It dissolves faster and is easier to use.
You make less chemical waste.
You spend less money to throw things away.
It is safer for the environment.
Pick the right polyacrylamide type for your water. Look at the charge and what is in the water. This helps you get the best cleaning results.
Use advanced aqueous dispersions like HIMOLOC. They dissolve faster and are easier to use. You will also waste less chemicals.
Always do Jar-tests before using a lot of polyacrylamide. This helps you find the best dose and type. It saves money and works better.
Make polyacrylamide solutions with water at room temperature. Stir gently so the polymer works well. This also stops clumps from forming.
Add chemicals in the right order. First, adjust the pH. Next, add coagulants. Last, add polyacrylamide. This makes stronger flocs.
Check your water treatment process often. Change the dose or mixing speed if needed. This keeps the water clear and flocs strong.
Wear the right safety gear and follow storage rules. This keeps you safe and the product good to use.
Use products that are good for the environment. Follow local rules to stop pollution. This helps make water treatment better for the planet.
When you pick a water treatment solution, you should know about the different types of polyacrylamide. The type you pick changes how well you can take out bad stuff from water. It also affects how easy the product is to use. DERYPOL’s HIMOLOC line has advanced choices, especially in aqueous dispersion format. This makes it much easier and safer to get ready and use.
Polyacrylamide comes in a few ionic forms. Each one works best for certain contaminants and water types.
Anionic polyacrylamide has a negative charge. You use it for water with positive particles, like heavy metals and clay. This type works best in neutral or alkaline water. It is often used in wastewater from steel plants, electroplating, and coal washing. Anionic polyacrylamide makes strong flocs that settle fast. This helps you remove lots of solids and turbidity.
Cationic polyacrylamide has a positive charge. You use it to get rid of negative contaminants, like organic matter, oils, and dyes. This type makes big flocs that separate from water quickly. It is very helpful for sludge dewatering and treating water with lots of organic stuff.
Amphoteric polyacrylamide has both positive and negative charges. This lets you use it in many pH levels and for many contaminants. You can remove solids, organic matter, and metal ions very well. Amphoteric types work in city and factory wastewater. They also help with sludge dewatering and lowering turbidity in drinking water.
Nonionic polyacrylamide does not have a charge. You use it mostly to take out solids by bridging flocculation. It works well when water has low ionic content or when you do not want to add more charges.
Tip: Pick the ionic form that matches the charge of the contaminants in your water. This gives you the best results.
|
Ionic Form |
Charge Characteristic |
Target Contaminants |
Removal Mechanism |
Typical Efficiency / Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Nonionic |
Neutral, hydrophilic |
Suspended solids |
Bridging flocculation |
Up to 97% solids removal in industrial wastewater. |
|
Anionic |
Negative |
Positively charged particles |
Electrostatic attraction, adsorption |
Up to 99% turbidity reduction; ideal for heavy metals and clay. |
|
Cationic |
Positive |
Negatively charged organics, oils |
Electrostatic attraction, hydrophobic interactions |
Forms large flocs for fast separation. |
|
Amphoteric |
Both |
Wide range (solids, organics, metals) |
Dual charge mechanisms |
Highly versatile; works across broad pH and contaminant types. |
Polyacrylamide comes in different physical forms. Each one changes how you get it ready and use it.
Powdered polyacrylamide is common and easy to keep. You must mix it with water before using it. You need to mix it well and wait so it does not clump.
Liquid polyacrylamide is ready to use and dissolves faster than powder. It is easier to handle, but you need to store it right so it does not go bad.
Dispersion, like DERYPOL’s HIMOLOC aqueous dispersions, is the easiest to use. It is water-based and dissolves fast without solvents or mineral oils. This kind is safer to use, better for the environment, and easier to measure. You can use simple mixers and do not need special tools.
Note: Dispersion forms help you save time, make less chemical waste, and are better for the environment. They also work well for a long time and last longer on the shelf.
Picking the right polyacrylamide is very important. You need to know what is in your water. Think about what you want to fix. The polyacrylamide type should match the charge and amount of contaminants. This helps you make strong flocs and get clear water.
Suspended solids are found in drinking water and wastewater. These solids can have different charges. Anionic polyacrylamide works best for solids with a positive charge, like clay or some metals. Cationic polyacrylamide is good for solids or organic matter with a negative charge. Nonionic types help when water has low ionic content or when you do not want more charge.
|
PAM Type |
Charge Characteristic |
Suitable Water Characteristics |
Typical Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Anionic |
Negative |
Positively charged suspended solids, organic colloids |
Municipal effluent, mining tailings |
|
Cationic |
Positive |
Acidic or negatively charged organic wastes |
Textile, oilfield wastewater |
|
Nonionic |
No net charge |
High or variable pH, minimal charge effects |
Minimal charge interaction needed |
The charge type of polyacrylamide helps particles stick together. This makes them form bigger flocs. The polymer’s molecular weight is also important. Higher molecular weight gives you bigger, stronger flocs. This is good for water with lots of solids.
Organic matter, like oils and dyes, usually has a negative charge. Cationic polyacrylamide is best for these. It sticks to the organic particles and helps them clump. If your water has both solids and organic matter, you might need amphoteric polyacrylamide. This type works for many pH levels and contaminant types.
Tip: Always check your water’s pH and turbidity. These things change how well polyacrylamide works. Some types work better at certain pH or with more turbidity.
You want your drinking water to be safe and clear. Polyacrylamide helps small particles stick together. This makes them easier to remove. For drinking water, you often use a low dose of cationic polyacrylamide. This lowers turbidity and reduces disinfection byproducts. You also keep the water safe by controlling how much polymer stays in it.
Factory and city wastewater has lots of solids and organic matter. Polyacrylamide works very well here. It helps solids settle fast and separates them from water. You can use anionic, cationic, or nonionic types. The type depends on what is in the water. This makes treatment faster and better.
Sludge treatment needs strong flocculation to shrink sludge volume. Polyacrylamide acts as a conditioner. It forms thick flocs that help remove water from sludge. This can cut sludge volume by more than half and lower disposal costs. You get the best results by picking the right type and molecular weight for your sludge.
Note: Polyacrylamide works best when you pick the right type, use the right dose, and match your water’s conditions.
You should always do a Jar-test before using polyacrylamide on a big scale. This test helps you find the best type and amount for your water.
Get water samples that are like your real water, with solids and organic matter.
Make a polyacrylamide solution by mixing it in clean, neutral water. Stir gently so you do not break the polymer.
Add polyacrylamide in two steps. Mix after each step to help flocs form without breaking.
Let the water settle and see how clear it gets.
Try different doses to find which one works best.
If your water is very turbid, you can add a coagulant like alum before polyacrylamide.
Repeat the test to make sure your results are the same each time.
Tip: Do not use too much polyacrylamide. Using too much can cause clumping and make it harder to remove solids.
By matching the polyacrylamide type to your water and testing the dose, you get the best results and save money.
Getting your treatment solution ready the right way helps you get good results. If you follow the steps, the process is quicker and safer. It also works better. DERYPOL’s HIMOLOC aqueous dispersions make things easier. They dissolve fast and do not have solvents or mineral oils. You can use simple mixers. You do not need special equipment.
Use clean water at room temperature to dissolve HIMOLOC dispersions. Cold water makes the process slow. Hot water can hurt the polymer chains. Room temperature water helps the product mix well. It also keeps the polymer working.
How fast you stir matters when you make your solution. Stir slowly and gently. This stops the polymer chains from breaking. Do not stir too fast. Fast stirring can damage the polymer and make it work less well. Simple static mixers are fine for HIMOLOC dispersions. You do not need fancy tools.
Tip: Always pour the dispersion into water. Do not add water to the dispersion. This stops clumping and helps the product mix all the way.
You must mix your solution at the right strength for your job. The table below shows common ratios for different uses:
|
Application Area |
Standard Concentration Ratio for PAM Solution |
Dosage Range / Notes |
Adjustment Factors / Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Sludge Dehydration |
0.1% - 0.2% (PAM dissolved in water) |
PAM to sludge ratio: usually 5% - 10%, can be lower if sludge is thick |
Dosage and type set by field beaker tests; changes with sludge type, chemicals, equipment, and management |
|
Coal Washing Wastewater |
N/A |
30 kg to 110 kg per 1000 tons of wastewater |
Change amount based on wastewater type |
|
Chemical Industry Wastewater |
N/A |
50 kg to 120 kg per 1000 tons of wastewater |
Change amount based on wastewater type |
|
Paper Industry Wastewater |
N/A |
100 kg to 300 kg per 1000 tons of wastewater (needs more because it is harder to treat) |
Add more if needed |
|
Electroplating Wastewater |
N/A |
Not more than 50 kg per 1000 tons of wastewater |
Change amount based on wastewater type |
You might need to change the concentration if your water is different. If flocs do not form well, try changing the amount a little. Start with the usual ratio. Then make small changes to get better results. Jar-tests help you find the best amount for your system.
Change the concentration if your water has more or less solids.
Pick direct addition or pre-mixing based on your tools.
Keep stirring at a medium speed to help the product mix well.
Keep your product in a cool, dry place with good air flow. Close containers tightly. Do not freeze the product. Do not let it get too hot for a long time. Good storage keeps the product safe and ready to use.
Wear personal protective equipment (PPE) when you use these chemicals. Put on chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothes. If there is dust or mist, wear a mask or respirator. If you get it on your skin or in your eyes, wash with lots of water. Get medical help if you need it.
Note: Always follow local rules for storing and throwing away chemicals. Stop spills and do not let large amounts go into the environment.
Key advantages of HIMOLOC aqueous dispersions:
Water-based, with no solvents or mineral oils, so you help the environment.
Easy to mix with simple mixers, saving you time and work.
Shorter mixing time than powders, which need more time and special tools.
If you follow these steps, your water treatment process will be safer, faster, and work better.
Getting the right dose and using it the right way is important. You must measure carefully and follow the right steps. Pick the best method for your system. These actions help you use polyacrylamide safely and well.
First, find out how much water you need to treat. This helps you know how much polyacrylamide to add. Most plants use flow meters or check tank sizes. If you treat one batch, look at the tank size. For water that keeps moving, use the average daily amount.
Next, test your water for contamination. Check for solids, turbidity, and organic matter. More contamination means you need more polyacrylamide. Jar-tests help you pick the right dose. Always change the amount if your tests show you need to.
Tip: Too much polyacrylamide can cause clumps and waste. Too little may not clean the water enough. Start with a small dose and add more slowly.
You get better results if you add chemicals in the right order. Do these steps:
Change the pH of your water first. This helps break up particles and gets them ready.
Add coagulants like polyaluminum chloride (PAC) or ferric salts. These help small particles stick together.
Add polyacrylamide last. It connects the particles into bigger flocs.
This order lets each chemical work best. You get bigger flocs and faster settling.
Let each chemical work before adding the next one. Mix gently after each step. If you go too fast, flocs may not form well. Wait a few minutes between steps. Watch for flocs before you move on.
Manual dosing means you add chemicals by hand. You measure and pour polyacrylamide yourself. This works for small plants or batches. You must watch closely and make changes if needed.
Automated systems use pumps and sensors to add chemicals. They check water quality and change the dose as needed. This gives better accuracy and saves time. Automated systems also collect data and help you see how things are going.
|
Feature |
Manual Dosing Systems |
Automated Dosing Systems |
|---|---|---|
|
Changes, depends on people |
Very accurate, uses machines |
|
|
Real-time Monitoring |
Little or none |
Always checks and adjusts |
|
Can use too much or too little |
Uses the right amount |
|
|
Safety |
More work by hand |
Less work by hand, safer |
|
Maintenance |
Needs regular checks by people |
Needs less checking, fewer problems |
Automated systems help you use polyacrylamide better. You waste less and keep things safer.
Polyacrylamide works well with other chemicals. You can use it with coagulants and pH adjusters for better results. Always follow the right order and change the dose if your water tests say so.
You should always watch your water treatment process. Use sensors to check pH, turbidity, and flow. Automated systems help you keep dosing right and steady. These systems change the amount of chemical added using real-time data. This lowers mistakes and chemical waste. Regular checks let you find problems early and fix them fast.
Make small changes when water quality or results change. If you see cloudy water or weak flocs, try changing the dose or mixing speed. Jar-tests help you pick the best settings. Start with the suggested dose, then change it if needed. Write down your changes and results to help future treatments.
Clumping happens if you add too much product at once or mix it badly. This stops flocs from forming and makes treatment work less well. To stop clumping:
Add the product slowly and spread it out in water.
Stir gently so it dissolves well.
Always add the product to water, not water to the product.
Overdosing can make sludge bulky, water thick, and filtration hard. It can also cause more pollution. You can stop overdosing by:
Using automated dosing systems with sensors for pH, turbidity, and flow.
Following the suggested dose and not going over it.
Doing regular Jar-tests to check the right amount.
|
Mistake |
Description |
Troubleshooting Steps |
|---|---|---|
|
Overdosing |
Makes flocs float, thickens water, and makes filtration and sludge handling harder. |
Keep the right concentration; do not go over the dose; use automated dosing to lower mistakes. |
|
Underdosing |
Makes weak flocs and cloudy water. |
Set the best dose and molecular weight; do lab tests to find what works best. |
|
Improper Mixing |
Stops flocs from forming right. |
Stir gently after adding; use air or machine mixers to help floc form. |
|
Manual Dosing Errors |
Makes dosing uneven. |
Use automated systems with sensors and smart controls for even dosing. |
Tip: Mixing well and using the right dose helps you make big flocs that settle and keeps your process working well.
Wear the right safety gear when you use these chemicals. For dry powders, wear a dust mask or respirator, safety goggles, and gloves. For solutions, gloves and eye protection are enough. Always work in a place with good air flow or use exhaust fans. These steps keep you safe from dust, splashes, and skin problems.
You must follow all local and world rules for the environment. Some products may have unpolymerized acrylamide monomer, which can be harmful. Always use products that meet safety rules. Good treatment and dosing help you lower pollution risks and support clean water. Using advanced products like DERYPOL’s HIMOLOC helps you meet strict rules and shrink your impact on the environment.
Note: Using and throwing away chemicals the right way keeps people and nature safe. Always check your local rules and follow good steps for clean water treatment.
When you treat water, you might have problems. These problems can hurt your results or your equipment. If you know how to find and fix these issues, your system will work better.
You may see small flocs, slow settling, or cloudy water. These signs mean your treatment is not working well. Many things can cause this. You might use the wrong product type or dose. Sometimes, water quality changes. Other ions in the water can also cause problems by fighting with your target contaminants.
You can fix most flocculation problems by finding the cause. Make simple changes to help your system. The table below lists common reasons for poor results and what you can do:
|
Cause of Ineffective Results |
Explanation |
Recommended Solution |
|---|---|---|
|
Natural hydrophobicity of AO-based polymers |
Dense polymer alignment limits ion movement, so adsorption happens only at the surface |
Use hydrophilic 3D network hydrogels to help ions move inside and boost efficiency |
|
Poor selectivity due to competing ions (e.g., V(V)) |
Other ions bind first, lowering removal of your target |
Add graphene oxide to improve selectivity and give more binding sites |
|
Slow adsorption kinetics |
Ions move and bind slowly, so treatment takes longer |
Use photothermal materials and UV photoinitiation to speed up ion movement and reaction |
|
Mechanical limits of powdered adsorbents |
Powders are hard to handle and recycle |
Use crosslinked hydrogel networks for better strength and easier recycling |
Tip: Always run small tests if you see poor results. Try changing the dose, mixing speed, or product type. Watch for changes in water quality, like pH or turbidity. Adjust your process if you need to.
Clogging can stop your system and waste time. You can stop this by checking your chemical injection system every three months. Look for blockages in pipes. Make sure your dosing pumps work well. If water turbidity changes a lot, run a small test and change your dosing. This helps you avoid sudden clogs.
Build-up happens when chemicals stick inside pipes or tanks. You can lower this risk by using corrosion-resistant materials like PVC. Clean your system on a regular schedule. Always wear protective gear when you handle chemicals or clean equipment.
Check your system every quarter to find problems early.
Change your dosing if water quality changes by more than 20%.
Use the right materials to stop damage and build-up.
Wear gloves, goggles, and other safety gear during maintenance.
Regular care keeps your equipment working longer. This helps you avoid expensive repairs.
When you clean water, you must care about the environment. You also need to follow strict rules. Using advanced products like HIMOLOC helps you meet these rules and protect nature.
You have to follow local and world rules when using water treatment chemicals. Many places set limits on what you can put in water and how you use chemicals. Here are some important facts:
Japan says acrylamide monomer in products must be under 0.05%.
South Korea checks all products, both imported and made there.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has strict limits on acrylamide. This is because it can hurt nerves and cause cancer.
Australia watches for byproducts that could harm fish and other water animals.
You should always read product labels and safety sheets. Pick products that meet these rules to keep your water safe.
You must also follow rules about what leaves your plant. These rules help keep rivers, lakes, and people safe. The table below shows some important discharge limits and rules:
|
Regulatory Aspect |
Requirement/Limit |
|---|---|
|
Standard |
China’s Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB 8978-2024) |
|
Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Limits |
Reduced by 15-20% across most industrial categories |
|
Aluminum/Iron Residues |
≤0.2 mg/L for municipal treatment plants |
|
Acute Toxicity Test |
Daphnia magna LC50 ≥ 100 mg/L mandatory for flocculant formulations |
|
Traceability |
Full disclosure of raw material sources and polymerization catalysts |
|
Eco-label Certifications |
Ecolabel China or EU Ecolabel recommended for compliance |
|
Compliance Deadline |
Grace period ends June 30, 2024 |
Note: Always keep records of your chemical use. Test your water often. This helps you show you follow the rules and avoid fines.
You can help the planet by picking products that make less waste. HIMOLOC uses a water-based formula with no solvents, mineral oils, or surfactants. This means you make less chemical waste and lower your risk of polluting. The product works well, so you use fewer extra chemicals. This also cuts down on waste.
HIMOLOC dissolves fast, so you do not need special tools.
The product stays good for a long time, so you throw away less.
You can use it for different water types, which helps you avoid using too much.
Saving energy is good for your wallet and the earth. HIMOLOC works quickly and makes strong flocs. This means you spend less time mixing and treating water. You use less electricity.
Faster treatment means pumps and mixers run for less time.
You save money on power and lower your carbon footprint.
The product works in many ways, so you do not waste energy.
Tip: Always follow best steps for storing and throwing away chemicals. Use only what you need. Recycle or throw away leftover chemicals the right way.
By choosing advanced solutions like HIMOLOC, you help keep water clean, protect nature, and meet high standards for safety and sustainability.
You get the best water treatment results by picking the right product. Prepare it with care and use the correct amount. Follow each step closely when you use it. Advanced products like DERYPOL’s HIMOLOC help you work better and make less waste. They also help protect the environment. Always check guides and rules for each job. This keeps your treatment safe, legal, and working well.
Polyacrylamide helps solids and liquids split apart. It makes small particles stick together. This lets you take them out of water. The water gets clearer and sludge is easier to treat.
Pick the polyacrylamide type that matches your water’s problem. Look to see if your water has more solids or organic stuff. Use Jar-tests to find the best kind and amount for your system.
Yes, you can use polyacrylamide with coagulants and pH adjusters. Always add polyacrylamide after you add coagulants. This order helps you get the best results when making flocs.
Keep HIMOLOC dispersions in a cool, dry spot. Make sure the containers are closed tight. Do not freeze them or let them get too hot. Good storage keeps the product safe and ready to use.
Wear gloves, goggles, and protective clothes when you use it. Work where there is fresh air. If you spill some on your skin, wash it off with water. Always follow your local safety rules.
You might see clumps, thick water, or slow filtering. If this happens, use less product. Jar-tests help you find the right amount for your water.
HIMOLOC dispersions use water-based formulas with no solvents or mineral oils. Using these products helps protect the environment and meets strict safety rules.
Try changing how much you use or how fast you mix. Check your water’s pH and what is in it. Do another Jar-test to find the best settings for your system.
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